{"product_id":"the-response-of-e-coli-to-the-biocide-polyhexamethylene-biguanide-von-michael-allen","title":"The Response of E. coli to the Biocide Polyhexamethylene Biguanide","description":"\u003cp\u003eResponse of E. coli to PHMB Polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) is a cationic  surfactant commonly used as a biocide against a wide  range of microorganisms in a variety of medical and  industrial contexts. PHMB has bacteriostatic or  bactericidal effects depending on concentration.  Previously its action was thought to be caused by  disruption of the outer and inner membranes.  Transcriptional and protein profiles were generated  for E. coli cells exposed to bacteriostatic levels  of PHMB. Genes found to be altered in their  expression were associated with outer, periplasmic  and inner membrane functin and also cytoplasmic  function. Crucially, the results showed the  induction of members of the DNA and cytoplasmic  protein damage responses, suggesting that effects of  PHMB are not restricted to the cell envelope but  also occur in the cytoplasm. PHMB was then shown to  bind to nucleic acids in vitro in a highly  cooperative manner and cause their precipitation.  The dosage dependent effect observed in PHMB  activity can be attributed, not only to the  disruption of inner membrane, but also to the  interaction with cytoplasmic nucleic acids.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"aw-variant-hidden-subtitle-div\" id=\"aw-variant-subtitle-9783838373874\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eThe molecular stress response to PHMB suggests interaction with nucleic acids is crucial for  biocidal activity.\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Autorenwelt Shop","offers":[{"title":"Softcover - 9783838373874","offer_id":39469252018269,"sku":"9783838373874","price":79.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0940\/0622\/files\/590ac5e2-bde1-42e3-9b54-aacb80829e64.jpg?v=1757741284","url":"https:\/\/shop.autorenwelt.de\/products\/the-response-of-e-coli-to-the-biocide-polyhexamethylene-biguanide-von-michael-allen","provider":"Autorenwelt Shop","version":"1.0","type":"link"}