{"product_id":"natural-language-processing-the-plnlp-approach-von-george-e-heidorn-karen-jensen-stephen-d-richardson-hrsg","title":"Natural Language Processing: The PLNLP Approach","description":"Natural language is easy for people and hard for machines. For  two generations, the tantalizing goal has been to get computers to  handle human languages in ways that will be compelling and useful to  people. Obstacles are many and legendary. \u003cbr\u003e  \u003cem\u003eNatural Language Processing: The PLNLP Approach\u003c\/em\u003e describes one  group's decade of research in pursuit of that goal. A very broad  coverage NLP system, including a programming language (PLNLP)  development tools, and analysis and synthesis components, was  developed and incorporated into a variety of well-known practical  applications, ranging from text critiquing (CRITIQUE) to machine  translation (e.g. SHALT). This books represents the first published  collection of papers describing the system and how it has been used.  Twenty-six authors from nine countries contributed to this volume.  \u003cbr\u003e  Natural language analysis, in the PLNLP approach, is done is six  stages that move smoothly from syntax through semantics into  discourse. The initial syntactic sketch is provided by an Augmented  Phrase Structure Grammar (APSG) that uses exclusively binary rules and  aims to produce some reasonable analysis for any input string. Its  `approximate' analysis passes to the reassignment component, which  takes the default syntactic attachments and adjusts them, using  semantic information obtained by parsing definitions and example  sentences from machine-readable dictionaries. This technique is an  example of one facet of the PLNLP approach: the use of natural  language itself as a knowledge representation language -- an  innovation that permits a wide variety of online text materials to be  exploited as sources of semantic information. \u003cbr\u003e  The next stage computes the intrasential argument structure and  resolves all references, both NP- and VP-anaphora, that can be treated  at this point in the processing. Subsequently, additional components,  currently not so well developed as the earlier ones, handle the  further disambiguation of word senses, the normalization of  paraphrases, and the construction of a paragraph (discourse) model by  joining sentential semantic graphs. \u003cbr\u003e  \u003cem\u003eNatural Language Processing: The PLNLP Approach\u003c\/em\u003e acquaints the  reader with the theory and application of a working, real-world,  domain-free NLP system, and attempts to bridge the gap between  computational and theoretical models of linguistic structure. It  provides a valuable resource for students, teachers, and researchers  in the areas of computational linguistics, natural processing,  artificial intelligence, and information science. \u003cbr\u003e\n            \u003cdiv class=\"aw-variant-hidden-subtitle-div\" id=\"aw-variant-subtitle-9781461363897\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Libri","offers":[{"title":"Softcover - 9781461363897","offer_id":39415537369181,"sku":"9781461363897","price":53.49,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0940\/0622\/files\/1b4aedb6-b0f7-4480-aebb-852241ff49d1.jpg?v=1766641383","url":"https:\/\/shop.autorenwelt.de\/products\/natural-language-processing-the-plnlp-approach-von-george-e-heidorn-karen-jensen-stephen-d-richardson-hrsg","provider":"Autorenwelt Shop","version":"1.0","type":"link"}