{"product_id":"lithium-niobate-defects-photorefraction-and-ferroelectric-switching-von-tatyana-volk-manfred-wohlecke","title":"Lithium Niobate","description":"\u003cp\u003eLithium niobate, LiNbO , is an oxide ferroelectric with various kinds of pro- 3 nouncedphysicalproperties. Thisversatilityhaspromoteditscareerinscience anddevices. Ithasbeenparticularlyfruitfulintheopticalregime,wheremany e?ects have been found in LiNbO and devices introduced using it as a host. 3 One of the few big drawbacks, namely the low level laser damage threshold based on photorefraction due to extrinsic defects was discovered very early. A relatively new topic, not involved so far in any general description, is a fundamental dependence of the optical properties of LiNbO on intrinsic de- 3 fects. Their importance has been realised out due to the development of varies growthtechniquesintherecentpast. Theprogressinthegrowthandstudiesof LiNbO crystals with di?erent composition, particularly almost stoichiomet- 3 ric ones, has revealed a signi?cant and sometimes decisive role of the intrinsic defects. For example, the photoinduced charge transport, and therefore the photorefractive properties governing the recording of the phase gratings in LiNbO , are strongly controlled by the content of intrinsic defects. The re- 3 cently found impact of intrinsic defects on the coercive ?eld in LiNbO is 3 of fundamental importance for the creation of periodically poled structures (PPLN) aimed at the optical-frequency conversion in the quasi-phase mat- ing (QPM) mode of operation. As a consequence of these results, an idea of the intrinsic defects in LiNbO has been developed during the last decade 3 and involves microscopic studies on defects, photorefraction and ferroelectric switching using spectroscopic and structure methods.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"aw-variant-hidden-subtitle-div\" id=\"aw-variant-subtitle-9783642089664\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eDefects, Photorefraction and Ferroelectric Switching\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"aw-variant-hidden-subtitle-div\" id=\"aw-variant-subtitle-9783540707653\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eDefects, Photorefraction and Ferroelectric Switching\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Libri","offers":[{"title":"Softcover - 9783642089664","offer_id":39436623675485,"sku":"9783642089664","price":160.49,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"Hardcover - 9783540707653","offer_id":39523405889629,"sku":"9783540707653","price":160.49,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0940\/0622\/files\/dae00bca-b74d-4fb3-838b-1c9323931b44.jpg?v=1778131329","url":"https:\/\/shop.autorenwelt.de\/products\/lithium-niobate-defects-photorefraction-and-ferroelectric-switching-von-tatyana-volk-manfred-wohlecke","provider":"Autorenwelt Shop","version":"1.0","type":"link"}