{"product_id":"halogen-exchange-in-superheated-water-von-abdulrahman-m-alhazmi","title":"Halogen Exchange in Superheated Water","description":"\u003cp\u003eGetting into hot water usually isn¿t thought of as desirable, but a growing number of chemist and chemical engineers are suggesting just that as away to make organic synthesis more environmentally benign. Water near or above its critical point (374°C, 218 atm) is attracting increased attention as a medium for organic chemistry. Water is a unique solvent; its chemical and physical properties vary considerably at high temperatures and pressure when compared to water at ambient condition.     Two bromobenzenes were prepared by reaction of the corresponding 1,2-dichlorobenzene or 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene with 48% hydrobromic acid under superheated aqueous conditions. Halogen exchange in 1,2-dichlorobenzene to 1-bromo-2-chlorobenzene and 1,2-dibromobenzene has been completed under neutral and acidic conditions, using sodium bromide or hydrogen bromide as source of bromide. The response of halogen exchange in 1,2-dichlorobenzene to the presence of iron(III) chloride (FeCl3) and nickel(II) chloride (NiCl2) as catalysts was examined.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"aw-variant-hidden-subtitle-div\" id=\"aw-variant-subtitle-9783847322818\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eGetting into hot water usually isn't thought of as desirable but a growing number of researcher are suggesting just that\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Autorenwelt Shop","offers":[{"title":"Softcover - 9783847322818","offer_id":39493624660061,"sku":"9783847322818","price":49.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0940\/0622\/files\/dd16f5d1-7203-4d68-8ec1-13d71b651f6e.jpg?v=1758429936","url":"https:\/\/shop.autorenwelt.de\/products\/halogen-exchange-in-superheated-water-von-abdulrahman-m-alhazmi","provider":"Autorenwelt Shop","version":"1.0","type":"link"}