{"product_id":"europe-and-irans-nuclear-crisis-lead-groups-and-eu-foreign-policy-making-von-riccardo-alcaro","title":"Europe and Iran’s Nuclear Crisis","description":"This book investigates the European involvement in managing the nuclear dispute with Iran, shedding new light on EU foreign policy-making. The author focuses on the peculiar format through which the EU managed Iran’s nuclear issue: a ‘lead group’ consisting of France, Germany and the UK and the High Representative for EU foreign policy (E3\/EU). The experience of the E3\/EU lends credibility to the claim that lead groups give EU foreign policy direction and substance. The E3\/EU set up a negotiating framework that worked as a de-escalating tool, a catalyst for Security Council unity and a forum for crisis management. They inflicted pain on Iran by adopting a comprehensive sanctions regime, but did so only having secured US commitment to a diplomatic solution. Once the deal was reached, they defended it vigorously. The E3\/EU may have been supporting actors, but their achievements were real. \u003cdiv class=\"aw-variant-hidden-subtitle-div\" id=\"aw-variant-subtitle-9783030089580\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eLead Groups and EU Foreign Policy-Making\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"aw-variant-hidden-subtitle-div\" id=\"aw-variant-subtitle-9783319742977\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eLead Groups and EU Foreign Policy-Making\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Libri","offers":[{"title":"Softcover - 9783030089580","offer_id":39423416860765,"sku":"9783030089580","price":123.04,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"Hardcover - 9783319742977","offer_id":39472479338589,"sku":"9783319742977","price":171.19,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0940\/0622\/files\/635cf7c6-5d8a-47d4-8c5a-b73fa4d81393.jpg?v=1775190936","url":"https:\/\/shop.autorenwelt.de\/products\/europe-and-irans-nuclear-crisis-lead-groups-and-eu-foreign-policy-making-von-riccardo-alcaro","provider":"Autorenwelt Shop","version":"1.0","type":"link"}