{"product_id":"school-and-church-von-oxana-zemtsova","title":"School and Church","description":"\u003cp\u003eThe 19th century Middle Volga region represented a  polyethnic and multicultural entity. In the second half of the century the religious sphere of  life of indigenous peoples had become complexly  challenged. Orthodoxy was either imposed on them by  the Russian empire or came to blend with their  culture through voluntary baptism, mixed marriages  and monopoly of the Orthodox faith in the Russian  administrative system. The imperial assimilative attempts, however, met the  resistance of the indigenous population which  manifested itself in the apostasies of 1860s, when  Islamic proselytism, being the result of the rising  national movement among the Tatar people, resulted  in the conversion of Kriashen (baptized Tatars) and  pagans into Muslim faith. The process caused  immediate reaction of the authorities, introducing  the whole system of education of non-Russian peoples named after its founder N.I. Il''minskii. The policy  of training and recruitment of teachers and clergy  from non-Russian milieu and the promotion of  literature in indigenous languages contributed to  the solution of urgent imperial problems.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"aw-variant-hidden-subtitle-div\" id=\"aw-variant-subtitle-9783838331331\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eChristianization of Middle Volga minorities in the 2nd half of the 19th century\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Autorenwelt Shop","offers":[{"title":"Softcover - 9783838331331","offer_id":39498939269213,"sku":"9783838331331","price":49.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0940\/0622\/files\/b9d5e2e6-1486-49e8-ad95-1a9b41bd8af0.jpg?v=1758256504","url":"https:\/\/shop.autorenwelt.de\/en\/products\/school-and-church-von-oxana-zemtsova","provider":"Autorenwelt Shop","version":"1.0","type":"link"}