{"product_id":"information-retrieval-models-von-thomas-roelleke","title":"Information Retrieval Models","description":"Information Retrieval (IR) models are a core component of IR research and IR systems. The past decade brought a consolidation of the family of IR models, which by 2000 consisted of relatively isolated views on TF-IDF (Term-Frequency times Inverse-Document-Frequency) as the weighting scheme in the vector-space model (VSM), the probabilistic relevance framework (PRF), the binary independence retrieval (BIR) model, BM25 (Best-Match Version 25, the main instantiation of the PRF\/BIR), and language modelling (LM). Also, the early 2000s saw the arrival of divergence from randomness (DFR). Regarding intuition and simplicity, though LM is clear from a probabilistic point of view, several people stated: \"It is easy to understand TF-IDF and BM25. For LM, however, we understand the math, but we do not fully understand why it works.\" This book takes a horizontal approach gathering the foundations of TF-IDF, PRF, BIR, Poisson, BM25, LM, probabilistic inference networks (PIN's), and divergence-based models. The aim is to create a consolidated and balanced view on the main models. A particular focus of this book is on the \"relationships between models.\" This includes an overview over the main frameworks (PRF, logical IR, VSM, generalized VSM) and a pairing of TF-IDF with other models. It becomes evident that TF-IDF and LM measure the same, namely the dependence (overlap) between document and query. The Poisson probability helps to establish probabilistic, non-heuristic roots for TF-IDF, and the Poisson parameter, average term frequency, is a binding link between several retrieval models and model parameters. Table of Contents: List of Figures \/ Preface \/ Acknowledgments \/ Introduction \/ Foundations of IR Models \/ Relationships Between IR Models \/ Summary \u0026amp; Research Outlook \/ Bibliography \/ Author's Biography \/ Index\u003cdiv class=\"aw-variant-hidden-subtitle-div\" id=\"aw-variant-subtitle-9783031012006\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eFoundations \u0026amp; Relationships\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Autorenwelt Shop","offers":[{"title":"Softcover - 9783031012006","offer_id":40175849799773,"sku":"9783031012006","price":35.3,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0940\/0622\/files\/27ac58d9-566e-4ca6-a98b-2f8c805c3597.jpg?v=1775277109","url":"https:\/\/shop.autorenwelt.de\/en\/products\/information-retrieval-models-von-thomas-roelleke","provider":"Autorenwelt Shop","version":"1.0","type":"link"}