{"product_id":"bonding-in-europe-von-iulia-igescu","title":"Bonding in Europe","description":"\u003cp\u003eStimulus policies or poor relief? That is the main  government role dilemma. The goal of this book is to  look into economic institutions less visited by  economics: labor bonding. They are specific to  Europe, both in the East and in the West. Unlike  Keynesian government expenditures that stimulate  current consumption (acting as a form of poor  relief), bonding expenditures increase consumption  indirectly through improved agents productivity  (acting as an instrument of economic growth in the  long run). Agents become healthier, better educated,  have better working conditions. I extend the  boundaries of economic growth theory and argue that  a government can positively influence the wealth of  an economy if it moves away from poor relief  spending and concentrates instead on spending to  increase agents'' productivity, on stimulus policies.  However, in this new century European bonding has to  move towards a new equilibrium. While countries in  West Europe should reduce some of their bonding and  make it more efficient, it is necessary that East  Europeans increase their expenditure to reinstate  their bonding levels lost during their 1990s  transition.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"aw-variant-hidden-subtitle-div\" id=\"aw-variant-subtitle-9783844302462\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eGovernments as Promoters of Economic Growth and Stability\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Autorenwelt Shop","offers":[{"title":"Softcover - 9783844302462","offer_id":39497188835421,"sku":"9783844302462","price":59.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0940\/0622\/files\/eb169778-2ac8-4e3e-a917-262ec471a6b6.jpg?v=1737615943","url":"https:\/\/shop.autorenwelt.de\/en\/products\/bonding-in-europe-von-iulia-igescu","provider":"Autorenwelt Shop","version":"1.0","type":"link"}