{"product_id":"believing-and-accepting-von-p-engel-hrsg","title":"Believing and Accepting","description":"(1) Beliefs are involuntary, and not nonnally subject to direct voluntary control. For instance I cannot believe at will that my trousers are on fire, or that the Dalai Lama is a living God, even if you pay me a large amount of money for believing such things. (2) Beliefs are nonnally shaped by evidence for what is believed, unless they are, in some sense, irrational. In general a belief is rational if it is proportioned to the degree of evidence that one has for its truth. In this sense, one often says that \"beliefs aim at truth\" . This is why it is, on the face of it, irrational to believe against the evidence that one has. A subject whose beliefs are not shaped by a concern for their truth, but by what she wants to be the case, is more or less a wishful thinker or a self-deceiver. (3) Beliefs are context independent, in the sense that at one time a subject believes something or does not believe it; she does not believe it relative to one context and not relative to another. For instance if I believe that Paris is a polluted city, I cannot believe that on Monday and not on Tuesday; that would be a change of belief, or a change of mind, but not a case of believing one thing in one context and another thing in another context. If I believe something, the belief is more or 4 less pennanent across various contexts.\u003cdiv class=\"aw-variant-hidden-subtitle-div\" id=\"aw-variant-subtitle-9780792362388\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"aw-variant-hidden-subtitle-div\" id=\"aw-variant-subtitle-9789401057820\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003e\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Libri","offers":[{"title":"Hardcover - 9780792362388","offer_id":51495634566,"sku":"9780792362388","price":106.99,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true},{"title":"Softcover - 9789401057820","offer_id":39415558635613,"sku":"9789401057820","price":106.99,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0940\/0622\/files\/1e91bf91-973f-4caf-acc0-b4e61cdccdfd.jpg?v=1772345003","url":"https:\/\/shop.autorenwelt.de\/en\/products\/believing-and-accepting-von-p-engel-hrsg","provider":"Autorenwelt Shop","version":"1.0","type":"link"}