{"product_id":"a-study-of-softwood-torrefaction-and-densification-von-jianghong-peng","title":"A Study of Softwood Torrefaction and Densification","description":"\u003cp\u003eCanada has become a major producer and exporter of wood pellets in the world. But the low water resistivity and the high transportation cost impede the market development. Torrefaction may provide a solution.     The present study developed the torrefaction kinetics, studied the torrefaction reaction conditions in two bench-scale reactors, and identified the suitable conditions for making durable torrefied pellets in a press machine. The weight loss of softwood significantly depended on the torrefaction temperature, the residence time, the particle size, and the oxygen concentration in the carrier gas. A two-component and one-step first order reaction kinetic model gave a good agreement with the weight loss range of 0 to 40% at the temperature of 260-300 oC.     Considering the quality of torrefied pellets, the optimal torrefaction conditions appeared to correspond to a weight loss of about 30%, which gave a 20% increase in pellet heating value. The suitable densification conditions corresponded to a die temperature of 230 oC, or over 110 oC for torrefied samples conditioned to 10% moisture content.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"aw-variant-hidden-subtitle-div\" id=\"aw-variant-subtitle-9783659203312\"\u003e\u003ch3\u003eFor the Production of High Quality Wood Pellets\u003c\/h3\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Autorenwelt Shop","offers":[{"title":"Softcover - 9783659203312","offer_id":39487736348765,"sku":"9783659203312","price":79.0,"currency_code":"EUR","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0940\/0622\/files\/fbbf5c90-a624-4c9f-8ce6-21966974f42d.jpg?v=1768975315","url":"https:\/\/shop.autorenwelt.de\/en\/products\/a-study-of-softwood-torrefaction-and-densification-von-jianghong-peng","provider":"Autorenwelt Shop","version":"1.0","type":"link"}